The American Vote
Second Party SystemCycle 15 / 60

1844

James K. Polk and the 1844 map.
James K. Polk (Democratic) defeated Henry Clay (Whig), 49.5% to 48.1%.
Polk
170 EV
Clay
105 EV
0270 to win → 138275
The map · 1844
20 states for Dem · 9 for Whig
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Narrative

James K. Polk and the 1844 map

Dark horse James K. Polk narrowly defeated Henry Clay in an election dominated by territorial expansion. Polk ran on 'Manifest Destiny,' calling for annexation of Texas and assertion of claims to all of Oregon ('54-40 or Fight!'). Clay's ambivalent position on Texas annexation cost him votes to Liberty Party abolitionist James G. Birney in New York, which swung the state and the election to Polk. Polk served one term and fulfilled all his campaign promises.

Key issue

Texas annexation; Oregon boundary; Manifest Destiny and westward expansion

Notable

Polk was a dark horse nominee; Liberty Party spoiler cost Clay New York and the presidency